Understanding Trichomes, the Star Guide, and Micron Sizes

When assessing cannabis concentrates like bubble hash, the star rating system and micron size are crucial for determining quality. Micron measurements offer insights into the size of the trichomes involved in the post-production process. Conversely, the star rating delivers a subjective judgment based on aspects like appearance, aroma, and potency. Collectively, these elements enable both consumers and producers to compare different concentrates on an even playing field.

What are Trichomes?

When looking at cannabis buds, you’ll notice small, crystal-like structures glistening on their surface. These are called trichomes, which have a translucent, glossy appearance and often look silver or white under light due to their reflective surfaces.. As they mature, the colors begin to change, progressing from clear to cloudy before turning amber. Clear trichomes suggest the plant is still maturing, while cloudy ones can indicate peak potency. An abundance of amber trichomes may signal over-ripeness. 

Trichomes are also responsible for producing essential cannabinoids like THC and CBD, as well as terpenes, which contribute to the distinct aromas, flavors, and effects of each cannabis strain. In addition to enhancing the plant’s sensory profile, trichomes serve a vital protective function by deterring pests and minimizing damage from harsh environmental conditions, emphasizing their role in the cannabis plant’s survival and reproductive success in the wild.

Morphologically, trichomes are hair-like projections on plants, categorized into stalked and non-stalked types. Stalked trichomes have a slender base with a bulbous head, resembling tiny mushrooms or umbrellas, and they secrete essential oils and cannabinoids. In contrast, non-stalked trichomes are smaller and rounded, located directly on the surface of the buds without any elongated stalk, and play a crucial role in the plant’s defense and chemistry. 

Bulbous Trichomes

Bulbous trichomes are the smallest type of trichomes found on cannabis plants, typically measuring around 10-15 micrometers in diameter. These tiny structures consist of only a few cells, making them nearly invisible to the naked eye. Despite their small size, these trichomes play a role in the plant’s chemistry, producing only minor amounts of cannabinoids and terpenes compared to larger trichome varieties.

Capitate-Sessile Trichomes

Capitate-sessile trichomes are medium-sized structures measuring 25-100 micrometers. They are characterized by resin heads that lack a stalk and are more prevalent on the cannabis plant than bulbous trichomes. They play a significant role in producing cannabinoids and terpenes while enhancing the plant’s potential medicinal properties and aromatic profiles, contributing moderately to the overall phytochemical composition.

Capitate-Stalked Trichomes

Capitate-stalked trichomes are the most significant type of trichome, measuring 50-100 micrometers, making them visible to the naked eye. These trichomes feature a distinctive stalk that supports a substantial glandular head, which stores a high concentration of cannabinoids and aromatic terpenes. The rich resin found in these trichomes plays a vital role in creating solventless hash, significantly enhancing both the potency and flavor.

In summary, a five or six-star rating represents the highest standard of quality in solventless bubble hash. In particular, the 90µm and 120µm grades are acknowledged as the best full-melt options due to their fine texture, which enhances the terpene profile and overall user experience. Selecting hash according to these criteria ensures exceptional results and is ideal for both enthusiasts and connoisseurs looking for a remarkable smoking experience.

What are microns?

A micron, or micrometer (μm), is a unit of measurement that’s one-millionth of a meter. If you enjoy solventless weed extracts, you’re more than likely familiar with the micron sizes (μm) indicated on containers like “90μ-120μ.” These figures represent the sizes of trichomes involved in hash production and significantly impact the quality of the product. While many cannabis growers believe smaller microns always yield higher-quality hash, this is actually a misconception. 

Trichome sizes ranging from 25-73µm capture small, immature heads and are considered food-grade. Any size over 159µm contains too much plant material, making it more suitable for edibles. In contrast, sizes between 90 and 120µm are used to produce full-spectrum, full-melt. If you encounter hash with mixed microns, it will be made from various micron sizes and will have lower potency than full-melt.

In summary, a five or six-star rating represents the highest standard of quality in solventless bubble hash. In particular, the 90µm and 120µm grades are acknowledged as the best full-melt options due to their fine texture, which enhances the terpene profile and overall user experience. Selecting hash according to these criteria ensures exceptional results and is ideal for both enthusiasts and connoisseurs looking for a remarkable smoking experience.

What is the star guide?

Understanding micron sizes helps us appreciate their relation to the star guide for hash. Bubbles that form on the surface while heating indicate a higher quality product, and since all ice water hash extracts are called “bubble hash,” it’s crucial to have a rating system. This system, ranging from one to six stars, evaluates purity, melting smoothness, and leftover residue while assisting users in choosing the right cannabis extract for their preferences.

1. 1-Star Hash is considered low-quality, cooking-grade hash. It contains a large amount of plant material, resulting in a dark, coarse, and sticky texture. It tends to burn more than it vaporizes, earning it the nickname “non-melt” hash. It has a very harsh, earthy taste, and due to this, it is mainly used for edibles rather than smoking. 
2. 2-Star Hash contains more trichomes and less plant matter than a one-star rating, melting slightly better despite its coarse, dark appearance. It’s unsuitable for vaporization as it tends to burn. While often used in edibles or joints, its earthy flavor makes it less ideal for dabbing, despite its appealing sheen when heated.
3. 3-Star Hash, commonly known as “half melt,” features a lighter appearance and partial melting properties. However, due to excessive bubbling and leftover residue, it’s less ideal for dabbing. Instead, it’s best enjoyed in joints or edibles, where it delivers an earthy flavor enriched with subtle hints of the original strain. 
4. 4-Star Hash serves as an excellent introduction for those interested in dabbing. Its lighter color and reduced impurities enhance trichome concentration, improving the flavor and potency. When heated in a quartz banger, it bubbles into a puddle of oil, showcasing the strain’s original terpene profile with earthy hints. 
5. 5-Star Hash is renowned for its exceptional flavor, featuring a light color and a finely sifted texture with minimal plant material. Its near full-melt properties make it highly desirable, as it vaporizes almost completely upon heating, leaving minimal residue. While ideal for connoisseurs, it’s important to note that some residue does remain.
6. A 6-star Hash rating is awarded to a hash that exemplifies flawless meltability. It vaporizes completely, leaving no residue, and represents the true pinnacle of quality. This outstanding hash sets the standard for purity and potency, making it highly sought after by connoisseurs and anyone seeking a full-spectrum, terpene profile.

Three- and four-star hashes are the most common grades on the market, and are often pressed into rosins for better filtration. In contrast, five- and six-star hashes, made from high-quality materials, offer a superior dabbing experience for connoisseurs, melting fully with minimal residue. Though pricier, their rich flavors, complex aromas, and amplified effects make them worthwhile for those connoisseurs seeking an elite dabbing experience.

The importance of microns and star ratings

For consumers, understanding microns and the star rating system is essential for any cannabis enthusiast looking to purchase high-quality solventless hash or rosin. These ratings provide valuable insights into the quality of products available at local dispensaries or coffeeshops. By familiarizing yourself with these metrics, you can make informed decisions that align with your preferences, ensuring a satisfying and enjoyable cannabis experience.